See samān on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manchu",
"lang_code": "mnc",
"roman": "saman",
"word": "ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠨ"
}
],
"lang": "Jurchenic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šaman",
"word": "шаман"
}
],
"lang": "Evenki",
"lang_code": "evn",
"roman": "samān",
"word": "сама̄н"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šaman",
"word": "шаман"
}
],
"lang": "Evenki",
"lang_code": "evn",
"roman": "şamān",
"word": "шама̄н"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šaman",
"word": "шаман"
}
],
"lang": "Evenki",
"lang_code": "evn",
"roman": "hamān",
"word": "хама̄н"
},
{
"lang": "Even",
"lang_code": "eve",
"roman": "hamān",
"word": "хама̄н"
},
{
"lang": "Negidal",
"lang_code": "neg",
"roman": "saman",
"word": "саман"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Oroch",
"lang_code": "oac",
"roman": "sama(n)",
"word": "сама(н)"
},
{
"lang": "Udihe",
"lang_code": "ude",
"roman": "sama(n)",
"word": "сама(н)"
}
],
"lang": "Central",
"lang_code": "ckb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Nanai",
"lang_code": "gld",
"roman": "samān",
"word": "сама̄н"
},
{
"lang": "Orok",
"lang_code": "oaa",
"roman": "sama",
"word": "сама"
},
{
"lang": "Ulch",
"lang_code": "ulc",
"roman": "samā(n)",
"word": "сама̄(н)"
}
],
"lang": "South-Eastern",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*sā-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/sā-"
],
[
"*samā-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/samā-"
],
[
"*süme",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/süme"
],
[
"самасик",
"самасик#Evenki"
],
[
"*samā-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/samā-"
],
[
"ṣamāne",
"ṣamāne#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"沙門",
"沙門#Chinese"
],
[
"沙门",
"沙门#Chinese"
],
[
"samaṇa",
"samaṇa#Pali"
],
[
"श्रमण",
"श्रमण#Noun_2"
],
[
"श्रम",
"श्रम#Sanskrit"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*süme"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *süme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "evn",
"2": "самасик",
"3": "",
"4": "shamanic robes"
},
"expansion": "Evenki самасик (samasik, “shamanic robes”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "txb",
"3": "ṣamāne",
"t": "monk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B ṣamāne (“monk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "zh",
"3": "沙門",
"t": "Buddhist monk",
"tr": "shāmén"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 沙門 /沙门 (shāmén, “Buddhist monk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "pi",
"3": "samaṇa"
},
"expansion": "Pali samaṇa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "sa",
"3": "श्रमण#Noun_2",
"alt": "श्रमण",
"t": "ascetic, monk, devotee"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit श्रमण (śramaṇa, “ascetic, monk, devotee”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Several possibilities:\n# Generally accepted to be a derivation from *sā- (“to know”).\n# Unlike the first section, EDAL derives it from an unknown stem *samā-, to make a compare with Proto-Mongolic *süme. Compare also Evenki самасик (samasik, “shamanic robes”) which could actually be from *samā-.\n# Could be a loanword from Tocharian B ṣamāne (“monk”) or Chinese 沙門 /沙门 (shāmén, “Buddhist monk”), from Pali samaṇa from Sanskrit श्रमण (śramaṇa, “ascetic, monk, devotee”), from श्रम (śrama, “weariness, exhaustion; labor, toil; etc.”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*samān",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tungusic",
"lang_code": "tuw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/samān",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Tungusic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shaman"
],
"id": "en-samān-tuw-pro-noun-5lb2zRyu",
"links": [
[
"shaman",
"shaman"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages"
]
}
],
"word": "samān"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manchu",
"lang_code": "mnc",
"roman": "saman",
"word": "ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠨ"
}
],
"lang": "Jurchenic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šaman",
"word": "шаман"
}
],
"lang": "Evenki",
"lang_code": "evn",
"roman": "samān",
"word": "сама̄н"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šaman",
"word": "шаман"
}
],
"lang": "Evenki",
"lang_code": "evn",
"roman": "şamān",
"word": "шама̄н"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šaman",
"word": "шаман"
}
],
"lang": "Evenki",
"lang_code": "evn",
"roman": "hamān",
"word": "хама̄н"
},
{
"lang": "Even",
"lang_code": "eve",
"roman": "hamān",
"word": "хама̄н"
},
{
"lang": "Negidal",
"lang_code": "neg",
"roman": "saman",
"word": "саман"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Oroch",
"lang_code": "oac",
"roman": "sama(n)",
"word": "сама(н)"
},
{
"lang": "Udihe",
"lang_code": "ude",
"roman": "sama(n)",
"word": "сама(н)"
}
],
"lang": "Central",
"lang_code": "ckb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Nanai",
"lang_code": "gld",
"roman": "samān",
"word": "сама̄н"
},
{
"lang": "Orok",
"lang_code": "oaa",
"roman": "sama",
"word": "сама"
},
{
"lang": "Ulch",
"lang_code": "ulc",
"roman": "samā(n)",
"word": "сама̄(н)"
}
],
"lang": "South-Eastern",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Tungusic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*sā-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/sā-"
],
[
"*samā-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/samā-"
],
[
"*süme",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/süme"
],
[
"самасик",
"самасик#Evenki"
],
[
"*samā-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/samā-"
],
[
"ṣamāne",
"ṣamāne#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"沙門",
"沙門#Chinese"
],
[
"沙门",
"沙门#Chinese"
],
[
"samaṇa",
"samaṇa#Pali"
],
[
"श्रमण",
"श्रमण#Noun_2"
],
[
"श्रम",
"श्रम#Sanskrit"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*süme"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *süme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "evn",
"2": "самасик",
"3": "",
"4": "shamanic robes"
},
"expansion": "Evenki самасик (samasik, “shamanic robes”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "txb",
"3": "ṣamāne",
"t": "monk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B ṣamāne (“monk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "zh",
"3": "沙門",
"t": "Buddhist monk",
"tr": "shāmén"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 沙門 /沙门 (shāmén, “Buddhist monk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "pi",
"3": "samaṇa"
},
"expansion": "Pali samaṇa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "sa",
"3": "श्रमण#Noun_2",
"alt": "श्रमण",
"t": "ascetic, monk, devotee"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit श्रमण (śramaṇa, “ascetic, monk, devotee”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Several possibilities:\n# Generally accepted to be a derivation from *sā- (“to know”).\n# Unlike the first section, EDAL derives it from an unknown stem *samā-, to make a compare with Proto-Mongolic *süme. Compare also Evenki самасик (samasik, “shamanic robes”) which could actually be from *samā-.\n# Could be a loanword from Tocharian B ṣamāne (“monk”) or Chinese 沙門 /沙门 (shāmén, “Buddhist monk”), from Pali samaṇa from Sanskrit श्रमण (śramaṇa, “ascetic, monk, devotee”), from श्रम (śrama, “weariness, exhaustion; labor, toil; etc.”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*samān",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tungusic",
"lang_code": "tuw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/samān",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Tungusic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Tungusic lemmas",
"Proto-Tungusic nouns",
"tuw-pro:Shamanism"
],
"glosses": [
"shaman"
],
"links": [
[
"shaman",
"shaman"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages"
]
}
],
"word": "samān"
}
Download raw JSONL data for samān meaning in All languages combined (4.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.